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Table 3 Levels of selected immunological indicators in HIV-negative individuals, stratified by parasitic infection status

From: HIV and intestinal parasite co-infections among a Chinese population: an immunological profile

 

Without parasite infection

Only helminth infections

Only B. hominis infection

Only Cryptosporidium spp. infection

Both helminth and protozoan infections

P-Value**

 

(n = 210) x ¯ ± s

(n = 11) x ¯ ± s

(n = 56) x ¯ ± s

(n = 9) x ¯ ± s

(n = 5) x ¯ ± s

 

CD4+

842.2 ± 270.5

802.5 ± 219.8

794.6 ± 249.6

739.8 ± 175.9

937.6 ± 251.9

0.4796

IL-2

56.4 ± 41.4

69.8 ± 49.0

55.6 ± 40.3

64.2 ± 45.2

58.9 ± 46.7

0.8432

IL-4

14.8 ± 9.0

15.5 ± 6.3

14.3 ± 6.6

15.1 ± 12.0

13.0 ± 6.6

0.9801

IL-10

25.4 ± 51.0

22.1 ± 25.1

28.5 ± 43.0

27.6 ± 38.6

8.3 ± 5.3

0.9212

IFN-γ

12.3 ± 7.2

13.8 ± 12.5

12.0 ± 7.0

11.2 ± 5.5

10.1 ± 2.9

0.8762

T*

0.5 ± 0.2

0.4 ± 0.2

0.4 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.3

0.5 ± 0.2

0.9135

  1. * T = IFN-γ/(IFN-γ + IL-4).
  2. **Dunnett t test was applied in paired comparison among groups and group 1 was the control group; P > 0.05.