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Table 5 Therapeutic outcomes based on age group in children treated with artesunate-amodiaquine

From: Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine on malaria-associated anaemia in Nigerian children aged two years and under

Parameter

≤2 years

<5 years

<1 year (n = 29)

≥1 year (n = 91)

P value

≤2 years (n = 120)

≥2– < 5 years (n = 315)

P value

Haematocrit (%)

 Mean

28.8

28.4

0.63

28.5

30.5

<0.0001

 95 % CI

27.4–30.3

27.2–29.5

27.6–29.4

30–31.1

 No <30 %

13

55

0.21

68

117

<0.0001

Parasitaemia (μL−1)

 Geometric mean

13,807

11,883

0.55

12,322

23,733

<0.0001

 Range

1,018–114,504

1,000–128,976

1,000–128,976

1,000–1,125,000

 No. >100,000 μL−1

2

7

1.0

9

55

0.01

 No. >250,000 μL−1

0

0

-

0

12

-

 ACPR on day 28 (%)

26/27 (96)

86/89 (97)

1.0

112/116 (97)

294/310 (95)

0.48

 Parasite prevalence on day 1 (%)

18 (62)

40 (44)

0.14

58 (48)

124 (39)

0.11

PRRD1

 Geometric mean

3.8 × 102

6.4 × 102

0.41

5.4 × 102

1.9 × 103

0.001

 Range

3.9 × 100–1.1 × 105

1.1 × 10−1–1.3 × 105

1.1 × 10−1–1.3 × 105

3.2 × 10−1–1.1 × 106

PRRD2

 Geometric mean

1.0 × 104

1.0 × 104

0.56

1.0 × 104

1.9 × 104

0.001

 Range

3.9 × 101–1.1 × 105

9.5 × 101–1.3 × 105

1.9 × 101–1.3 × 105

5.3 × 101–1.1 × 106

 Parasite positivity rate on day 3

0

3

-

2

2

0.31

Fever clearance time (day)

 Mean

1.3

1.3

0.79

1.3

1.1

0.005

 95 % CI

1–1.6

1–1.7

1.1–1.5

1–1.1

 Parasite clearance time (day)

 Mean

1.7

1.5

0.06

1.5

1.4

0.11

 95 % CI

1.5–1.9

1.4–1.6

1.4–1.6

1.4–1.5

Anaemia recovery time (day)

 Mean

12.1

12.5

0.91

12.4

10.4

0.12

 95 % CI

6–18.2

9.9–15.1

10.1–14.7

9–11.8

  1. ACPR adequate clinical and parasitological response, PRR D1 parasite reduction ratio 1 day after treatment started, PRR D2 parasite reduction ratio 2 days after treatment started