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Table 4 Outcomes of the index tests and reference standard test, sensitivity and specificity (95% CI)

From: Early detection of neuropathy in leprosy: a comparison of five tests for field settings

  

Reference standard test

Alternative devices

 

Abnormal

Normal

Sensitivity

Specificity

AUC

Positive Likelihood ratio

Negative Likelihood ratio

Sural NCS (n)

95

89

     

NC-Stat

Abnormal

15

11

16%

88%

0.52

1.3

1.0

DPNCheck

Normal

80

78

(9 – 25)

(79 – 94)

(0.43 – 0.60)

(0.6 – 2.6)

(0.9 – 1.1)

Vibratip

Abnormal

0

0

0%

100%

0.50

 

1.0

 

Normal

95

89

(0 – 4)

(96 – 100)

(0.41 – 0.58)

–

(1.0 – 1.0)

Sural WDT (n)

94

90

     

TST

Abnormal

78

16

83%

82%

0.83

4.7

0.2

 

Normal

16

74

(74 – 90)

(73 – 89)

(0.76 – 0.89)

(3.0 – 7.4)

(0.1 – 0.3)

NeuroQuick

Abnormal

81

13

86%

86%

0.86

6.0

0.2

 

Normal

13

77

(78 – 92)

(77 – 92)

(0.80 – 0.92)

(3.6 – 10.0)

(0.1 – 0.3)

Posterior tibial WDT (n)

75

115

     

Neuropad

Abnormal

42

35

56%

61%

0.59

1.5

0.7

 

Normal

33

57

(44 – 67)

(51 – 72)

(0.51 – 0.67)

(1.1 – 2.1)

(0.5 – 1.0)

 

Missing

 

23

     

TST

Abnormal

60

50

83%

57%

0.70

1.9

0.3

 

Normal

12

65

(72 – 91)

(47 – 66)

(0.63 – 0.76)

(1.5 – 2.4)

(0.2 – 0.5)

NeuroQuick

Abnormal

67

68

93%

41%

0.67

1.6

0.2

 

Normal

5

47

(85 – 98)

(32 – 50)

(0.60 – 0.74)

(1.3 – 1.9)

(0.1 – 0.4)

  1. AUC area under the curve, NCS Nerve Conduction Studies, TST Thermal Sensibility Tester, WDT Warm Detection Thresholds