|  |  |  | Univariate analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Total participants a | No positive/No tested | % | Crude OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value |
Age group | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | < 0.001 | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 18–24 | 33 | 16/33 | 48.5 | 1.0 | Referent |  | 1.0 | Referent | – |
 25–34 | 22 | 15/22 | 68.2 | 2.28 | 0.74–7.03 | 0.153 | 1.679 | 0.353–7.984 | 0.515 |
 35–44 | 42 | 22/42 | 52.4 | 1.17 | 0.47–2.91 | 0.738 | 0.780 | 0.172–3.541 | 0.748 |
 45–54 | 65 | 58/65 | 89.2 | 8.80 | 3.11–24.9 | < 0.001 | 5.938 | 1.110–31.771 | 0.037 |
 55 and above | 115 | 98/115 | 85.2 | 6.12 | 2.60–14.40 | < 0.001 | 4.165 | 0.830–20.894 | 0.083 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.893 | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 116 | 88/116 | 75.9 | 1.04 | 0.60–1.81 | 0.893 |  |  |  |
 Female | 161 | 121/161 | 75.2 | 1.00 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.897 | Â | Â | Â |
 Malay | 202 | 152/202 | 75.2 | 1.00 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 Chinese | 75 | 57/75 | 76 | 1.04 | 0.56–1.93 | 0.897 |  |  |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.002 | Â | Â | 0.963 |
 Divorced/separated | 25 | 21/25 | 84 | 1.39 | 0.45–4.25 | 0.569 | 0.969 | 0.286–3.282 | 0.959 |
 Not married | 46 | 25/46 | 54.3 | 0.31 | 0.16–0.61 | 0.001 | 0.839 | 0.236–2.982 | 0.787 |
 Married | 206 | 163/206 | 79.1 | 1.00 | Referent |  | 1.0 | Referent | – |
Highest education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 | Â | Â | 0.485 |
 Never attended/Primary | 82 | 71/82 | 86.6 | 4.22 | 1.75–10.20 | 0.001 | 2.032 | 0.637–6.478 | 0.231 |
 Secondary | 152 | 112/152 | 73.7 | 1.83 | 0.90–3.72 | 0.095 | 1.394 | 0.573–3.395 | 0.464 |
 College/university | 43 | 26/43 | 60.5 | 1.0 | Referent |  | 1.0 | Referent | – |
Occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.132 | Â | Â | 0.548 |
 Student | 11 | 5/11 | 45.5 | 1.0 | Referent |  | 1.0 | Referent | – |
 Homemaker | 93 | 72/93 | 77.4 | 4.11 | 1.14–14.83 | 0.031 | 0.813 | 0.145–4.570 | 0.815 |
 Unemployed | 54 | 39/54 | 72.2 | 3.12 | 0.83–11.77 | 0.093 | 0.796 | 0.161–3.928 | 0.780 |
 Employed | 119 | 93/119 | 78.2 | 4.29 | 1.21–15.19 | 0.024 | 1.326 | 0.266–6.624 | 0.731 |
Study site | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.961 | Â | Â | Â |
 Kampung Jawa (rural) | 190 | 143/190 | 75.3 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 Kampung Abdullah (urban) | 60 | 46/60 | 76.7 | 1.08 | 0.54–2.14 | 0.825 |  |  |  |
 Taman Segar (semi-urban) | 27 | 20/27 | 74.1 | 0.94 | 0.37–2.36 | 0.894 |  |  |  |
Type of housing | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.914 | Â | Â | Â |
 Single terrace | 190 | 143/190 | 75.3 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 Double terrace | 87 | 66/87 | 75.9 | 1.03 | 0.57–1.87 | 0.914 |  |  |  |
Comorbidity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.168 | Â | Â | 0.546 |
 No | 202 | 148/202 | 73.3 | 1.0 | Referent |  | 1.0 | Referent | – |
 Yes | 75 | 61/75 | 81.3 | 1.59 | 0.82–3.07 | 0.168 | 0.767 | 0.325–1.812 | 0.546 |
No of medical illness | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.387 | Â | Â | Â |
 0 | 202 | 148/202 | 73.3 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 1 | 48 | 39/48 | 81.2 | 1.58 | 0.72–3.48 | 0.255 |  |  |  |
 > 1 | 27 | 22/27 | 81.5 | 1.60 | 0.58–4.45 | 0.363 |  |  |  |
Hypertension | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.325 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 225 | 167/225 | 74.2 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 52 | 42/52 | 80.8 | 1.46 | 0.69–3.09 | 0.325 |  |  |  |
Diabetes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.163 | Â | Â | 0.449 |
 No | 253 | 188/253 | 74.3 | 1.0 | Referent |  | 1.0 | Referent | – |
 Yes | 24 | 21/24 | 87.5 | 2.420 | 0.70–8.38 | 0.163 | 1.735 | 0.416–7.224 | 0.449 |
High cholesterol | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.498 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 260 | 195/260 | 75 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 17 | 14/17 | 82.4 | 1.56 | 0.43–5.58 | 0.498 |  |  |  |
Asthma | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.803 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 270 | 204/207 | 75.6 | 1.24 | 0.23–6.52 | 0.803 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 7 | 5/7 | 71.4 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
Family history of dengue | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.269 | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 217 | 167/217 | 77 | 1.43 | 0.76–2.70 | 0.269 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 60 | 42/60 | 70 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
Family members with dengue | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.969 | Â | Â | Â |
 1 | 49 | 34/49 | 69.4 | 1.0 | Referent |  |  |  |  |
 > 1 | 10 | 7/10 | 70 | 1.029 | 0.23–4.53 | 0.969 |  |  |  |