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Table 1 Previous and current status of the main parasitic diseases in mainland China

From: Imported parasitic diseases in mainland China: current status and perspectives for better control and prevention

Parasitic diseases

Estimated no. of patients

Endemic provinces/autonomous regions

Transmission vector

Transmission route

Elimination program

Past (million)

Present

Past

Present a

Filariasis

30 (1950s)

0 (2016)

16

0

Mosquito

Mosquito bites

Done

Leishmaniosis

0.53 (1950s)

400 ± annually b

16

7 c

Sandfly

Sandfly bites

Almost done

Malaria

30 (1960s)

3321 (2016)

24

2 d

Anopheline mosquito

Mosquito bites

Ongoing

Schistosomiasis

11.6 (1950s)

54 454 (2016)

12

7 e

Oncomelania hupensis

Infested water contact

Starting

Echinococcosis

0.38 (2004)

40 845 (2015)

21

9 f

–

Fecal-oral route

–

Soil-transmitted nematodosis

536 (1990)

3.12% (2013)

31

31 g

–

Fecal-oral route/skin

–

  1. aPresent endemic province/autonomous regions: local infections
  2. bThe prevalence of leishmaniosis in mainland China is not available; only annual new cases were found
  3. cSeven provinces/autonomous regions: Xinjiang, Gansu, Sichuan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Neimenggu, Henan
  4. dThree provinces/autonomous regions: Yunnan, Tibet
  5. eSeven provinces/autonomous regions: Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan, Jiangsu
  6. fNine provinces/autonomous regions: Tibet, Qinghai, Neimenggu, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Yunnan, Sichuan
  7. gData for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Province were not available and are not included